Richard

“Bossa”这个字源自于巴西里约热内卢的俚语，它指的是不受拘束的精明聪慧、和才华特出之类的意思。再加上葡萄牙文的Nova，取其“新”的意义。所以，Bossa Nova就可以直接解释为无拘无束且极富创意的新音乐。它属于Latin Jazz，即融合巴西流行音乐风格（Samba）的爵士乐。是曼波（Mambo）音乐与冷爵士融合的结果，同时也吸取了一些桑巴（Samba）音乐的特点。它的音响效果不喧闹，给人的感觉像是呢喃细语。它的旋律性不强，而是强调和声、节奏、旋律的整体效果。可是在一些爵士乐历史介绍中，Bossa Nova往往被忽略了。因为Bossa Nova并非是纯正的美国纽奥良Jazz，而是所谓的“舶来品”。其实这是很不公平的，Bossa Nova自50年代末期在巴西兴起，并成为50、60年代巴西新流行音乐的代名词。1959年法国拍了一部电影，《黑人奥非尔(BLACK ORPHEUS) 》，夺得当年奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。片中浓厚的Bossa Nova配乐，引发一些美国爵士乐手对巴西音乐的好奇与探索。次中音萨克斯风手STAN GATZ因此特地远赴巴西里约热内卢，找ANTONIO CAROLS JOBIM合作专辑。GATZ邀请JOBIM跟JOAO GILBERD夫妇一起到美国录制《The Girl From Ipnema》，JOAO自弹自唱了葡萄牙文版而英文版就由JOAO的太太ASTURD GILBERD演唱。配上GATZ超棒的萨克斯风演奏，果然掀起一阵BOSSA NOVA热浪。跟传统南美及拉丁音乐不一样的是Bossa Nova不像森巴或伦巴舞曲一样节奏强烈且煽情，以巧妙的省略音符加上切分音效果，结合拉丁节奏的动感，结构上和美国西岸酷派爵士乐风格有相似，因此它有着南美音乐的热情风味却多了慵懒及轻松，宛如千面女郎，有清晨的清新，午后的慵懒，夜晚的深情及子夜的忧郁 ……Bossa Nova就是何时听都很棒的音乐！

Silent Hill History

 

        Silent Hill it it is not this place usual, blowed mysterious power. I decided to trace history of this city. Uncovering the next cards of history we, can find out several interesting things, here they ( the every messages came into being in the support about "Lost Memories" as well as the information contained in internet so their authenticity is not in hundred percentages sure).

 

        Attention: Section contains lots spoilers.

 

 

Before XVI  C.

        Before appearance first settlers from europiums, terrain on which it lies at present Silent Hill, he was great area from beautiful lake, rimmed through forests. Indigenous occupants lived on him. They on terrain this led mysterious rituals, depending on communication with deceaseds. They in rituals used two ancient stones, ycleped by them Nahkeekona. They believed, that he place this is possessory extraordinary powers and they called it The Place of the Silenced Spirits. Soon however, along with appearance first settlers, they have to leave these grounds. 

 

About 1670.

        Settlers begin colonization northern America.

 

End XVII C.

        The settlers arrive on terns round lake, and found the city, which of name however we do not know. Several settlers find out about the rituals and small cult from what be it'll called The Order.  The members of cult, similarly how earlier the Indians, with the help of Nahkeekona, they'll communicate oneself with deceaseds.

 

1692.

        In Massachusett, in city Salem it comes to famous process called The Salem Witch Trial.

 

Early age XVIII.

        City surrounds epidemi which decimates occupants. You which they survived their houses leave. City becomes deserted.

 

1776.

        The undersigned declaration of independence of USA.

 

1789.

        George Washington becomes first president of America.

 

About 1812.

        War explodes in America.

        In time of her duration, on terrain of city comes into being colony named Silent Hill. The building of prison on his terrain begins simultaneously Silent Hill Prison as well as hospital Brookhaven Hospital. Next epidemic explodes in time their buildings, next occupants and prisoners lose lives.

 

1830.

        Cabinet of America begin to compulsory effacement Indians.

 

1840.

        Silent Hill Prison becomes closed.

 

1850.

        In Silent Hill carbon becomes uncover. The opening of coal-pit bring city a gain and attract new occupant.

 

1861.

        Civil war explodes.

        Two occupants of Silent Hill, Patric Chester and his son Edward, they take part in war. In aim of celebration of their act in the Rosewater Park will be raised the monument..

 

1862.

    It becomes built Toluca Prison Camp, for prisoners of war.

 

1865.

    Civil war draws to end .

1866.

        Toluca Prison Camp it becomes renaming in Toluca Prison.

 

About 1890.

        End of organized resistance of the indigenous occupants of America..

        In city it comes to inexplicable disappearances of occupants. Men perish seriatim.

 

End XIX C.

        Meaning Brookhaven Hospital grow up.

 

About 1900.

        Toluca Prison it becomes closed. In the same time Silent Hill become oneself onto touristic city. To attract tourists, over Toluca Prison become built Silent Hill Historical Society, and over lake Toluca it comes into being Rosewater Park, which it attracts tourist with one's beauty.

 

1914.

        Beginning of first world war.

 

1918.

        First world war draw to end.

        On Toluca lake it comes to catastrophe. Touristic boat Little Baroness perishes along with tourists and crew. Cause disappearances and passengers' fates are not well-known. In the Rosewater Park the monument comes into being commemoratory the victim of tragedy.

 

1933.

        On world comes Michael Kaufmann. He joins the The Order, and later he will become manager in Alchemilla Hospital. Thanks of one's position, the dust will be the easy access to apparatus enabling the production of drug Wchite Claudia. He will be used not only in rituals, but his sale to tourists will reinforce The Order budget also.

 

1937.

       On world comes Dahlia Gillespie. She will become one of the most important members of The Order. By own daughter's and devotion rituals, she will wanted to call on world a ancient god, which has to bring salvation.

 

1939.

        Beginning of second world war.

        Round Toluca lake they begin happening odd things. Rumours circulate that this something wspo硁ego has with tragedy Little Baroness.

        The coal-pit becomes closed. This cause development of tourist industry.

 

1945.

        End of second world war.

 

1950.

        On  world comes Douglas Cartland. It will become detective, he will go married and will have son who be shot during robbing of bank. He'll give mission to find Heather.

 

19??.

        In Silent Hill it comes to series of expose deceases. The mayor of city along with his staff as well as the agent's of firms, want to develop city.

 

1951.

        On world comes Harry Mason. It will become writer, he will marry but he'll not have his own children. Along with wife he will adopt Cheryl.

 

1955.

        On world comes Cybil Bennett. It will become the oficer of the police in city Brahms, near Silent Hill.

        On world comes Thomas Orosco. He will get married and will have two children's, the name of son is not known, but the daughter's name is Angela.

 

1960.

        On world comes Lisa Garland. She will learn in Midwich Elementary School. Later she will work in Alchemilla Hospiital, as a nurse. She will look there after Alessa and get addicted oneself from Wchite Claudia.

 

1965.

        On world comes James Sunderland, son of Frank Sunderland, the owner of apartments South Ashfield Heights. James will work as a clerk and goes married for Mary Shepherd.

1969.

        Alessa Gillespie, daughter of Dahlia comes on world. She will get chosen by mother on god's mother.

        In the same time on world comes Mary Shepherd, James Sunderland wife.

 

1970.

        In South Ashfield Heights in room 302 on world comes Walter Sullivan. he becomes derelict by parents who didn't want him. Frank Sunderland finds him, he'll hold up his umbilical cord and transports him to St. Jerome Hospital. Walter become adopted through orphanage Wish House adherent to The Order. There together with otcher children he'll be learned The Order religion. He believes, that his mother, is room 302 in South Ashfield Heigts. To wake up her and to bring the mankind salvation Walter will begin ceremony The Descent of the Holly Mother - The 21 Sacraments.

 

1971.

        On world comes Ediee Dombrowski. He becomes the worker of gas station. With his appearance he does not be tolerate by surroundings.

        On world comes Claudia Wolf, daughter of fanatic member of The Order, Leonard Wolf. Already since early childhood Leonard teaches Claudia religion and he uses on her violence more than once.

 

1975.

        Alessa Gillespie is six years old. she is sensible her part in The Order, but in depth she does not accept it. Claudia becomes her best friend, who it on one's  fourth birthdays give her card.

        Alessa becomes named by classmates witch because she wrote on her deck wrote horrible things (Go Home, Thief, Drop Dead). Her teacher K. Gordon he be uneasy her behaviour and it represents whole matter school educator.

        On world comes Vincent. He become important member of The Order, but he will not it stay stare to the cult..

        In South Ashfield Cynthia Valesquez come on world.

        Thomaso Orosco gives birth oneself daughter Angela. Her childhood will be nightmare, because Thomas by abuse liquor and brutal behaviour, it will be her he beat and it will move to rape even.

 

1976.

        Alessa Gillespie is seven years old. Feeling that god's births are near, Dahlia closes her on attic and burn house. Alessa prevents god's births, distributing her soul on two parts. Second part of soul become found near Silent Hill, by Harry Mason, spending holidays there together with wife. When they can not find her parents, they decide to adopt her. They give her a name Cheryl. However the first part of Aleesa soul experiences the serious injuries in time the fire and it becomes broughts to Alchemilla Hospital. Where in by members of cult she becomes closed in one of secret room. Dahlia, Kaufmann and different members The Order, they throw on her charm which has to cause, that her second half will return to city once day.

        Lisa Garland, addicted to Wchite Claudia look after Alessa. They makes friends. However Lisa can not bear her sufferings, it begins taking more and more drug.

        It in same time on world comes Henry Townshend. He came the occupant room 302 in South Ashfield Heights, as well as Jasper Gein, one of Wish House wards.

        Walter Sullivan is six years old. Andrew DeSalvo becomes his guardian, which looks after him during his resort mother in South Ashfield Heights. From diaries which in this time he begins writing we can find out several interesting things. Regarding about activity The Order, finding oneself there children about visit Dahli in Wish House and even this, that Andrew hit him several times. Besides that we find out that ritual has he to execute 21 Sacraments, if second the half of Alessa soul never  find.

 

1977.

        Ernest Baldwin, worker of Brookhaven Hospital gives birth oneself daughter Amy Baldwin.

 

1978.

        Walter continues his visits in South Ashfield Heights.

 

1979.

        Harry Masons wife dies, leaving him with three years old Cheryl.

 

1981.

        On world comes Eileen Galvin. It along with mother ll'lives in room 303 in South Ashfield Heights. She meet there Walter Sullivan, and when he approaches to  exercise ritual 21 Sacraments, Eileen it will be in danger.

        Harry has already thirty years old and gives Cheryl drawing block on her fifth birthdays.

 

1983.

        EVENT OF SILENT HILL.

1984.

        Amy Baldwin, putting away present for her father, falls downstairs and dies. Ernest never reconcile with this. He consents to The Order and tries to revive Amy.

 

1986.

        Laura an orphan comes on world, she becomes broughts to St. Jerome Hospital.

 

1987.

         Activity of The Order weakened, after loss important members in events from 1983 year .

 

1988.

        Walter Sullivan it finishes eighteen years and begins to work in South Ashfield, in sport shop.

        In this time he meet thirteen-year-old Cynthia and confesses her love. She however throws him away.

        Harry has thirty seven years old and along with newborn Cheryl comes back to one's house. Unfortunately their are followed by one member of cult, which wants to bring god, which Cheryl gestates all the time. Harry kills the member of cult and along with Cheryl leaves to Portland. There to make difficult their searches The Order, he gives Cheryl new name Heather.

 

1989.

        Walter Sullivan has already nineteen years. He leaves Wish House and lives at university Pleasure River.

 

1991.

        James Sunderland and Mary Shepherd they take marriage in South Ashfield. In honeymoon trip they go to Silent Hill to Lakeview Hotel, laid by Toluca lake. They rent room 312 where Mary's disease sets up. Before she came back to St. She Jerome Hospital, spended a bit time in Brookhaven Hospital.

 

1993.

        Mary meets Laura in St. Jerome Hospital and they become friends.  Nurse Reachel looks after them, settled in room 106 in South Ahfield Heights.

        Lakeview Hotel becomes burnt.

         Angela Orosco kill's her father

 

1994.

        EVENT OF SILENT HILL 2.

        Walter Sullivan has twenty four years and he begins ritual 21 Sacraments, which it has to wake up his mother and to bring world salvation. He depends on killing 21 persons. However after destruction 11 persons Walter becomes stopped and embedded in prison. He commits suicide there and it becomes hidden on cemetery near Wish House. However after time he comes back to room 302, where under absence of Joseph's Schreiberg reporter, he builts the secret room from which he start to continue intention of the ritual 21 Sacraments.

 

1996.

        Vincent position in The Order grows up clearly. Thanks to money, with budget of cult, he builds the church near Silent Hill Amusement Park. He squanders money on his own cells because how it turns out, he didn't believes in arrival of paradise.

 

1997.

        Joseph Schreiber, the living reporter in room 302 in South Ashfield Heights, writes the article about the orphanage Wish House, in which how it writes "the children are brain wasched".

 

1999.

        Claudia Wolf hirer Douglas Cartland to found Heather.

 

2000.

        EVENTS OF SILENT HILL 3.

 

2001.

        Walter Sullivan has thirty one years. It kills already his 14 victim. Then closes  Joseph Schreiberg in room 302 in South Ashfield Heights. Joseph ll'be forced to travelling among worlds, in their time it uncovers Walter intentions and describes it in one's notes. Soon he dies in one of worlds, becoming Walter's 15 victim.

 

2002.

        The half year has pass from time of disappearance of Joseph Schreiberg and the odd voices obtaining oneself from room 302. the Henry Townshend becomes his new occupant.

 

2004.

        EVENTS OF SILENT HILL 4.

 

 

Is it lonely where you are...
In there... Dad?
Does the darkness know your name?
Does Mom?

What's it like?
Can you feel?
She said her blood turns to ash
Laughing...
Dad, do you know what you've done this time to me?

Oh,

Burning eyes can't forgive you
Howling moon drives on
And deep in me
Your illusion
What you see in me
Is...

Did you have that dream again?
Release...
Breathe...
You're receiving what you said
Said she
Never mind
Emptiness, dead eyes and lost what you found

Maybe there on the edge is your hope
But you don't look down
Why?
There you go saying nothing
Here's my mind unclear
Or
Could it be?
Maybe something has a hold of me
Like...

 

music by zbigniew preisner

History Of Caribbean

The name "Caribbean" is derived from the Caribs one of the dominant American Indian groups in the region at the time of European contact during the late 15th century. After the discovery of the West Indies by Christopher Columbus in 1492, the Spanish term Antillas was commonly assigned to the lands; stemming from this, "Sea of the Antilles" is a common alternate name for the Caribbean Sea in various European languages. During the first century of development the Spanish dominance was undisputed.

The Caribbean Sea was an unknown body of water to Europe and Asia until 1492 when Christopher Columbus first sailed into Caribbean waters while trying to find a route to India. At the time the area of the Caribbean Sea and the Western Hemisphere in general was unknown to Europeans. Following the discovery of the islands by Columbus, the area was quickly colonized by Western Civilizations. Following the colonization of the Caribbean islands, the sea became a common ground for European trading and transport eventually attracting piracy.

Today the area is home to 22 island territories and borders 12 continental countries. Due to year-round high temperatures the Caribbean has become a common place for tourism which has helped grow the cruise industry in the area (see Cruising and Cruise ship).